Quick Revision Notes of Chapter 2 The Nationalist Movement in Indo-China for Board Exams| Class 10th
• Indo-China region comprises the modern countries of Vietnam, Laos and Cambodia.
• Vietnam gained formal independence in 1945.
• French troops landed in Vietnam in 1858 and soon gained control of the area.
• In 1887 French Indo China was formed.
• Nationalism in Vietnam emerged through the efforts of different sections of society to fight against the French.
• Primarily, Vietnam was based on rice cultivation and rubber plantations owned by the French and small Vietnamese elite.
→ The French did very little to industrialise the economy of Vietnam.
• The French started providing Western education in Vietnam as they want to their superiority to Vietnamese and also they needed an educated local labour force.
→ In 1907, the Tonkin Free School was started for providing Western-style education.
→ Teachers and students opposed the curriculum.
• Religious movements like Scholars Revolt (1868) and Hoa Hao Movement started against the colonialism.
• In February 1930, Ho Chi Minh established the Vietnamese Communist Party inspired by the European Communist Parties.
• In 1940, Japan occupied Vietnam.
• In Septemeber 1943, Ho Chi Minh became the chairman of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam in September 1943.
• With the help of Ho Chi Minh Gwemment in the North, the National Liberation Front (NLF) fought
for the unification of the country.
• Fear of communism made the US intervene in Vietnam.
→ The war proved too costly to the Vietnamese as well as to the Americans.
• The Vand women played a major role in the war against the US.
• The US had failed to achieve its objectives.
• In January 1974: A peace settlement was signed in Paris which ended the conflict with the US.
• The National Liberation Front (NLF) occupied the presidential palace in Saigon on 30 April 1975 and unified Vietnam.
Important Terms
• Colonization: A system where one country subjugates another for exploitation of its resources.
• Syncretic Characterized by syncretism, aims to bring together different beliefs and practices seeing their essential Unity rather than their differences.
• Concentration camp: A prison where people are detained without due process of law. They are subjected to torture.
• Republic: A form of government based on popular consent and popular representation.
• Napalm: An organic compound used to thicken gasoline for fire bombs, developed in the US, was used in Vietnam Scholars revolt This revolt was led by Officials at the Imperial Court Angered by the spread of catholicism and French power.
Important Personalities
• Phan Bai Chau: He was a Confucian scholar activist. He Advocated that French should be driven out of Vietnam he formed the Revolutionary society.
• Phan Chau Trinh: He was intensely hostile to the monarchy and opposed to the idea of resisting the French with the help of the court.
• Huynh Phu So: He was founder of Hoa Hao Movement, He opposed the practice of sale of child and performed miracles
• Confucius: A Chinese thinker developed a system of philosophy based on good conduct, wisdom and proper social relationships.
NCERT Solutions of Chapter 2 The Nationalist Movement in Indo-China
Notes of Chapter 2 The Nationalist Movement in Indo-China