Social Science (S.St) CBSE Answer Sheet of Sample Paper 2017-18 Final Exam| Class 10th
1. Power of the Prussian State
(History - Sub Unit 1.1 Theme 1 - The Rise of Nationalism in Europe Page 19)
OR
The idea of a ‘civilising mission’.
(History - Sub Unit 1.1, Theme 2 – The Nationalist Movement in Indo-China, Page 34)
2. Contained six sheets of text with woodcut illustrations
(History - Sub Unit 1.3, Theme 1 – Print Culture and the Modern World, Page 154)
OR
The hotly debated issue was the marriage practices of upper-caste Hindus in Kerala
(History - Sub Unit 1.3, Theme 2 Novels, Society and History Page – 195)
3. Potential Resources.
(Geography – Theme 1 Resources and Development, Page - 2)
4. It helps to reduce the possibility of conflict between social groups.
(Political Science - Chapter 1, Power Sharing, Page - 6)
5. This is known as double coincidence of wants.
(Economics – Chapter 3, Money and Credit – Page - 39)
6. The Import tax is acting as a Trade Barrier.
(Economics – Chapter 4, Globalization and Indian Economy – Page – 64)
7. Consumers’ right to be informed about the particulars of goods and services that they
purchase.
(Economics – Chapter 5, Consumer Rights – Page – 80)
8. a. For the new middle classes liberalism stood for freedom for the individual and equality of all before the law.
b. Politically, it emphasised the concept of government by consent.
c. It stood for the end of autocracy and clerical privileges, a constitution and representative government through parliament.
(History - Sub Unit 1.1 The Rise of Nationalism in Europe Page 9)
OR
a. The Vietnamese were represented in the text books as primitive and backward
b. They were shown capable of manual labour but not of intellectual reflection; ‘skilled copyists’ but not creative.
c. School children were told that only French rule could ensure peace in Vietnam
(History - Sub Unit 1.1 Theme 2 – The Nationalist Movement in Indo-China Page 35)
9. a. Many were apprehensive of the effects that the easier access to the printed word and the wider circulation of books, could have on people’s minds
b. It was feared that if there was no control over what was printed and read then rebellious and irreligious thoughts might spread.
c. If that happened the authority of ‘valuable’ literature would be destroyed.
(History - Sub Unit 1.3, Theme 1 – Print Culture and the Modern World, Page 160)
OR
a. Such information was useful for them in governing Indian society, with its large variety of communities and castes.
b. As outsiders, the British knew little about life inside Indian households. The new novels in Indian languages often had descriptions of domestic life.
c. They showed how people dressed, their forms of religious worship, their beliefs and practices etc.
(History - Sub Unit 1.3, Theme 2 Novels, Society and History Page – 191)
10. a. Regulating and damming of rivers affect their natural flow causing poor sediment flow and excessive sedimentation at the bottom of the reservoir, resulting in rockier stream beds and poorer habitats for the rivers’ aquatic life.
b. Dams also fragment rivers making it difficult for aquatic fauna to migrate, especially for spawning.
c. The reservoirs that are created on the floodplains also submerge the existing vegetation and soil leading to its decomposition over a period of time.
(Geography – Theme 3 Water Resources, Page -27)
11. a. He should cultivate Sugarcane as the geographical conditions it requires are available in Uttar Pradesh.
b. Sugarcane grows well in hot and humid climate
c. Requires a temperature of 21°C to 27°C
d. Needs annual rainfall between 75cm. and 100cm.
e. Irrigation is required in the regions of low rainfall.
f. It can be grown on a variety of soils and needs manual labour from sowing to harvesting. All these conditions are available in Uttar Pradesh.
(Geography – Theme 4, Agriculture, Page – 40)
12. • Under the unitary system, either there is only one level of government or the sub-units are subordinate to the central government. The central government can pass on orders to the provincial or the local government.
• In federal system government and its powers are divided at Union and State level, in some countries even at local self-level. In this system, the central government cannot order the state government to do something.
• In federal system State government has powers of its own for which it is not answerable to the central government. Both these governments are separately answerable to the people.
(Political Science - Chapter 2, Federalism, Page - 15)
13. • First of all, the outcome depends on how people perceive their identities. If people see their identities in singular and exclusive terms, it becomes very difficult to accommodate.
• Second, it depends on how political leaders raise the demands of any community. It is easier to accommodate demands that are within the constitutional framework and are not at the cost of another community.
• Third, it depends on how the government reacts to demands of different groups. If the rulers are willing to share power and accommodate the reasonable demands of minority community, social divisions become less threatening for the country.
(Political Science - Chapter 3, Democracy & Diversity, Page - 36)
14. a. Non-democratic regimes often turn a blind eye to or suppress internal social differences. Ability to handle social differences, divisions and conflicts is thus a definite plus point of democratic regimes.
b. But the example of Sri Lanka exhibits that a democracy must fulfil two conditions in order to achieve this outcome:
• That democracy is not simply rule by majority opinion. The majority always needs to work with the minority so that governments function to represent the general view.
• That rule by majority does not become rule by majority community in
terms of religion or race or linguistic group, etc.
(Political Science - Chapter 7, Outcomes of Democracy, Page - 96)
15. His BMI is 33.16
He is over weight
Because his BMI is more than 25.
(Economics – Chapter 1, Development, Page – 13)
16. Amrita would successfully get the loan from a formal source because –
• Can do the documentation required
• Can fulfil the terms of credit
• Bank can be assured of repayment of loan by her through EMIs from her salary.
(Economics – Chapter 3, Money and Credit – Page – 45/49)
17. a. Government’s policies must protect the interests, not only of the rich and the powerful, but all the people in the country. It should ensure that the labour laws are properly implemented and the workers get their rights.
b. It can support small producers to improve their performance till the time they become strong enough to compete. If necessary, the government can use trade and investment barriers.
c. It can negotiate at the WTO for ‘fairer rules’. It can also align with other developing countries with similar interests to fight against the domination of developed countries in the WTO.
(Economics – Chapter 4, Globalization and Indian Economy – Page – 70)
18. Open ended question with a number of valid answers at least one example.
(The below mentioned example is given only for reference)
(Economics – Chapter 5, Consumer Rights – Pages – 80 -84)
19. a. Traders and travellers introduced new crops to the lands they travelled.
b. Even ‘ready’ foodstuff in distant parts of the world might share common origins like spaghetti and noodles or, perhaps Arab traders took pasta to fifthcentury Sicily, an island now in Italy.
c. Similar foods were also known in India and Japan, so the truth about their origins may never be known. Yet such guesswork suggests the possibilities of long-distance cultural contact even in the pre-modern world.
d. Many of our common foods such as potatoes, soya, groundnuts, maize, tomatoes, chillies, sweet potatoes, and so on were not known to our ancestors until about five centuries ago.
e. These foods were only introduced in Europe and Asia after Christopher Columbus accidentally discovered the vast continent that would later become known as the Americas.
(History - Sub Unit 1.2, Theme 1, The making of a Global World: Page – 78)
OR
a. In the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, merchants from the towns in Europe began moving to the countryside, supplying money to peasants and artisans, persuading them to produce for an international market.
b. With the expansion of world trade and the acquisition of colonies in different parts of the world, the demand for goods began growing. But merchants could not expand production within towns because here urban crafts and trade guilds were powerful.
c. These were associations of producers that trained craftspeople, maintained control over production, regulated competition and prices, and restricted the entry of new people into the trade.
d. Rulers granted different guilds the monopoly right to produce and trade in specific products. It was therefore difficult for new merchants to set up business in towns.
e. So they turned to the countryside. In the countryside poor peasants and artisans who had lost their common lands began working for merchants and produced goods and indirectly served the international market.
(History - Sub Unit 1.2, Theme 2, The Age of Industrialization Page – 105)
OR
b. Women of the upper and middle classes in Britain, on the other hand, faced increasingly higher levels of isolation, although their lives were made easier by domestic maids who cooked, cleaned and cared for young children on low wages.
c. Women who worked for wages had some control over their lives, particularly among the lower social classes. However, many social reformers felt that the family as an institution had broken down, and needed to be saved or reconstructed by pushing these women back into the home.
d. The city encouraged a new spirit of individualism among both men and women, and a freedom from the collective values that were a feature of the smaller rural communities.
e. But men and women did not have equal access to this new urban space. As women lost their industrial jobs and conservative people railed against their presence in public spaces, women were forced to withdraw into their homes.
(History - Sub Unit 1.2, Theme 3, Work, Life & Leisure Page – 135)
20. This sense of collective belonging came partly through the experience of united struggles. But there were also a variety of cultural processes through which nationalism captured people’s imagination.
a. United struggles
b. History and fiction
c. Folklore and songs
d. Popular prints
e. Symbols and Icons, all played a part in the making of nationalism.
(History - Sub Unit 1.1, Theme 3, Nationalism in India, Page – 70 – 72)
Detailed Answer
a. The sense of collective belonging came partly through the experience of united struggles. But there were also a variety of cultural processes through which nationalism captured people’s imagination.
b. The nationalist histories urged the readers by writing glorious developments in ancient times in art and architecture, science and mathematics, crafts and trade to take pride in India’s great achievements in the past and struggle to change the miserable conditions of life under British rule.
c. In late-nineteenth-century India, nationalists began recording folk tales sung by bards and they toured villages to gather folk songs and legends which gave a true picture of traditional culture that had been corrupted and damaged by outside forces.
d. The identity of the nation such as image of Bharat Mata acquired many different forms, as it circulated in popular prints, and was painted by different artists came to be seen as evidence of one’s nationalism.
e. As the national movement developed, nationalist leaders became more and more aware of such icons and symbols in unifying people and inspiring in them a feeling of nationalism. By 1921, Gandhiji had designed the Swaraj flag. It was again a tricolour (red, green and white) and had a spinning wheel in the centre.
OR
a. Struggle of Peasants in Awadh and formation of Kisan Sabhas
b. Struggle of the Tribals in the Gudem Hills of Andhra Pradesh
(History - Sub Unit 1.1, Theme 3, Nationalism in India, Page – 59-60)
Detailed Answer
The Non-Cooperation Movement spread to the countryside and drew into its fold the struggles of peasants and tribals as they were equally affeted by the British harsh policies.
• In Awadh, the peasants were led by Baba Ramchandra.
→ By October 1920, the Oudh Kisan Sabha was set up headed by Jawaharlal Nehru, Baba
Ramchandra and a few others.
→ When the Non-Cooperation Movement began the following year, peasant movement started against talukdars and landlords who demanded from peasants exorbitantly high rents and a variety of other cesses.
→ Their houses were attacked, bazaars were looted and grain hoards were taken over in many places.
→ In many places local leaders told peasants that Gandhiji had declared that no taxes were to be paid and land was to be redistributed among the poor.
• The government had closed large forest areas, preventing people from entering the forest to graze their cattle or to collect fuel wood and fruits.
→ Alluri Sitaram Raju led the guerrilla warfare in the Gudem Hills of Andhra Pradesh.
→ The rebels attacked police stations, attempted to kill British officials and carried on guerrilla warfare for achieving swaraj.
21. The Textile Industry occupies unique position in the Indian economy, because it contributes significantly to industrial production (14 per cent), employment generation (35 million persons directly – the second largest after agriculture) and foreign exchange earnings (about 24.6 per cent).
b. It contributes 4 per cent towards GDP. It is the only industry in the country, which is self-reliant and complete in the value chain i.e., from raw material to the highest value added products.
c. In the early years, the Cotton Textile Industry was concentrated in the cotton growing belt of Maharashtra and Gujarat. Availability of raw cotton, market, transport including accessible port facilities, labour, moist climate, etc. contributed towards its localisation.
d. This industry has close links with agriculture and provides a living to farmers, cotton boll pluckers and workers engaged in ginning, spinning, weaving, dyeing, designing, packaging, tailoring and sewing. e. The industry by creating demands supports many other industries, such as, chemicals and dyes, mill stores, packaging materials and engineering works.
(Geography – Theme 6, Manufacturing Industries, Pages – 67 – 68)
22. a. Construction cost of roads is much lower than that of railway lines
b. Roads can traverse comparatively more dissected and undulating topography, they can negotiate higher gradients of slopes and as such can traverse mountains such as the Himalayas
c. Road transport is economical in transportation of few persons and relatively smaller amount of goods over short distances,
d. It also provides door-to-door service, thus the cost of loading and unloading is much lower
e. Road transport is also used as a feeder to other modes of transport such as they
provide a link between railway stations, air and sea ports.
(Geography – Theme 7, Life lines of National Economy, Page – 82)
OR
Means of Personal Communication in India –
1. The Indian postal network is the largest in the world. It handles parcels as well as personal written communications. Cards and envelopes are considered first–class mail and are airlifted between stations covering both land and air. The second–class mail includes book packets, registered newspapers and periodicals. They are carried by surface mail, covering land and water transport. To facilitate quick delivery of mails in large towns and cities, six mail channels have been introduced recently. They are called RajdhaniChannel, Metro Channel, Green Channel, Business Channel, Bulk Mail Channel and Periodical Channel.
2. India has one of the largest telecom networks in Asia. Excluding urban places more than two-thirds of the villages in India have already been covered with Subscriber Trunk Dialling (STD) telephone facility. In order to strengthen the flow of information from the grass root to the higher level, the government has made special provision to extend twenty-four hours STD facility to every village in the country. There is a uniform rate of STD facilities all over India. It has been made possible by integrating the development in space technology with communication technology.
Mass communication in India –
3. All India Radio (Akashwani) broadcasts a variety of programmes in national, regional and local languages for various categories of people, spread over different parts of the country. Doordarshan, the national television channel of India, is one of the largest terrestrial networks in the world. It broadcasts a variety of programmes from entertainment, educational to sports, etc. for people of different age groups.
4. India publishes a large number of newspapers and periodicals annually. They are of different types depending upon their periodicity. Newspapers are published in about 100 languages and dialects. Largest numbers of newspapers published in the country are in Hindi, followed by English and Urdu.
5. India is the largest producer of feature films in the world. It produces short films; video feature films and video short films. The Central Board of Film Certification is the authority to certify both Indian and foreign films.
(Geography – Theme 7, Life lines of National Economy, Page – 90)
23. a. The literacy rate among women is only 54 per cent compared with 76 percent among men. Similarly, a smaller proportion of girl students go for higher studies. Many of them drop out because parents prefer to spend their resources for their boys’ education.
b. The proportion of women among the highly paid and valued jobs is still very small. On an average an Indian woman works one hour more than an average man every day. Yet much of her work is not paid and therefore often not valued.
c. The Equal Wages Act provides that equal wages should be paid to equal work. However, in almost all areas of work, from sports and cinema, to factories and fields, women are paid less than men, even when both do exactly the same work.
d. In many parts of India parents prefer to have sons and find ways to have the girl child aborted before she is born. Such sex-selective abortion led to a decline in child sex ratio.
e. They are not safe even within their own home from beating, harassment and other forms of domestic violence.
(Political Science - Chapter 4, Gender, Religion & Caste, Pages – 42 - 43)
24. a. Parties contest elections.
b. Parties put forward different policies and programmes and the voters choose from them.
c. Parties play a decisive role in making laws for a country.
d. Parties form and run governments.
e. Those parties that lose in the elections play the role of opposition to the parties in power, by voicing different views and criticising government for its failures or wrong policies. f. Parties shape public opinion. They raise and highlight issues.
(Political Science - Chapter 6, Political Parties, Pages – 73 – 74)
OR
Political parties need to face and overcome a number of challenges in order to remain effective instruments of democracy. Write about any two of such challenges while citing appropriate examples.
1. Lack of internal democracy within parties
2. Challenge of dynastic succession
3. Growing role of money and muscle power in parties
4. Parties do not seem to offer a meaningful choice to the voters
Any two challenges to be explained with examples.
(Political Science - Chapter 6, Political Parties, Pages – 83-84)
25. Rohan works in an organised sector; he will enjoy security of employment. He will be expected to work only a fixed number of hours. If he works more, he will have to be paid overtime by the employer. He will also get several other benefits from the employers like getting paid leave, payment during holidays, provident fund, gratuity etc. He is supposed to get medical benefits and, under the laws, the bank manager has to ensure facilities like drinking water and a safe working environment. When he will retire, he will get pension as well.
In contrast, Sumit works in the unorganised sector which is characterised by small and scattered units which are largely outside the control of the government. There are rules and regulations but these are not followed. So, his job will be low-paid and often not regular. There will be no provision for overtime, paid leave, holidays, leave due to sickness etc. Employment is not secure. He can be asked to leave without any reason when there is less work, such as, during some seasons. A lot also depends on the whims of his employer.
(Economics – Chapter 2, Sectors of Indian Economy, Page 31)
OR
Reema works in Secondary or Manufacturing Sector where as Shirin works in the Tertiary or Service Sector
Role of Secondary/Manufacturing Sector –
• This sector covers activities in which natural products are changed into other forms through ways of manufacturing that we associate with industrial activity, hence it is also called as industrial sector.
• The product in this sector has to be made and therefore some process of manufacturing is essential, may be in a factory, a workshop or at home. For example, using cotton fibre from the plant, spinning yarn and weaving cloth etc.
• This sector provides large scale employment and helps in earning huge revenue. It helps in the development of a nation.
Role of Tertiary/Service Sector –
• These are activities that help in the development of the primary and secondary sectors.
• These activities, by themselves, do not produce a good but they are an aid or a support for the production process. For example, goods need to be transported by trucks or trains and then sold in wholesale and retail shops; they have to be stored in godowns.
So, transport, storage, communication, banking, trade are some examples of tertiary activities. Since these activities generate services, the tertiary sector is also called the service sector. It also includes services of teachers, doctors, and those who provide personal services such as washer men, barbers, cobblers, lawyers, and people to do administrative and accounting works. In recent times, certain new services based on information technology such as internet cafe, ATM booths, call centres, software companies etc. have become important. Service sector contributes the most to the national economy these days and is further growing.
(Economics – Chapter 2, Sectors of Indian Economy, Page 20)
ANSWERS OF MAP BASED QUESTIONS
26. Nagpur
27. Ahmedabad – To be located and labelled on the given map.
28. c. Iron ore Mine – Mayurbhanj
d. Mica Mine - Ajmer
