MCQ Questions for Class 12 Biology: Ch 11 Biotechnology - Principle and Processes
1. Electroporation facilitates introduction of foreign DNA into the target organism by
(a) Changing the porosity of the cell wall
(b) Changing the electric potential of the cell wall
(c) Lysis of the cell wall
(d) Active transport across the cell wall
► (a) Changing the porosity of the cell wall
2. Who discovered recombinant DNA (rDNA) technology?
(a) James D. Watson
(b) Walter Sutton and Avery
(c) Stanley Cohen and Herbert Boyer
(d) Har Gobind Khorana
► (c) Stanley Cohen and Herbert Boyer
3. Brief exposure of cells to an electric field also allow the bacteria to take up DNA and this process is called as_______.
(a) Apheresis
(b) Electroporation
(c) Electrolysis
(d) Electrophoresis
► (b) Electroporation
4. Which of the given statements is correct in the context of visualizing DNA molecules separated by agarose gel electrophoresis?
(a) Ethidium bromide stained DNA can be seen under exposure to UV light
(b) DNA can be seen without staining in visible light
(c) Ethidium bromide stained DNA can be seen in visible light
(d) DNA can be seen in visible light
► (a) Ethidium bromide stained DNA can be seen under exposure to UV light
5. Which one is called molecular scissors?
(a) Endocrine
(b) Ribonuclease
(c) Restriction enzymes
(d) Exonuclease
► (c) Restriction enzymes
6. Bacillus thuringiensis forms protein crystals which contain insecticidal protein.
(a) binds with epithelial cells of midgut of the insect pest ultimately killing it
(b) is coded by several genes including the gene cry
(c) is activated by acid pH of the foregut of the insect pest.
(d) does not kill the carrier bacterium which is itself resistant to this toxin
► (a) binds with epithelial cells of midgut of the insect pest ultimately killing it
7. The extraction of DNA from the agrose gel is called as______.
(a) Elution
(b) Ligation
(c) Transformation
(d) Isolation
► (a) Elution
8. Helium is used in Biolistic gun as______.
(a) It is a light gas
(b) It acts as a propellant
(c) It is an inert gas
(d) Tungsten coated with DNA can be easily passed in the presence of Helium
► (b) It acts as a propellant
9. Which one is a true statement regarding DNA polymerase used in PCR
(a) It is used to ligate introduced DNA in recipient cell
(b) It serves as a selectable marker
(c) It is isolated from a virus
(d) It remains active at high temperature
► (d) It remains active at high temperature
10. Restriction endonucleases are enzymes which
(a) make cuts at specific positions within the DNA molecule
(b) recognize a specific nucleotide sequence for binding of DNA ligase
(c) restrict the action of the enzyme DNA polymerase
(d) remove nucleotides from the ends of the DNA molecule
► (a) make cuts at specific positions within the DNA molecule
11. Introduction of food plants developed by genetic engineering is not desirable because
(a) economy of developing countries may suffer
(b) these products are less tasty as compared to the already existing products
(c) this method is costly
(d) there is danger of entry of viruses and toxins with introduced crop
► (d) there is danger of entry of viruses and toxins with introduced crop
12. Which one of the following is a case of wrong matching?
(a) Vector DNA – Site for t-RNA synthesis
(b) Somatic hybridisation – Fusion of two diverse cells
(c) Callus – Unorganised mass of cell produced in tissue culture
(d) Micropropagation – In vitro production of plants in large numbers
► (a) Vector DNA – Site for t-RNA synthesis
13. DNA fingerprinting can resolve:
(a) Identification of a person
(b) Paternity dispute
(c) Maternity dispute
(d) All of the above
► (d) All of the above
14. In agarose gel electrophoresis, DNA molecules are separated on the basis of their:
(a) Charge only
(b) Charge to size ratio
(c) both a and b
(d) Size only
► (d) Size only
15. For transformation, micro-particles coated with DNA to be bombarded with gene gun are made up of:
(a) Silver or Platinum
(b) Gold or Tungsten
(c) Silicon or Platinum
(d) Platinum or Zinc
► (b) Gold or Tungsten
16. Which of the following steps are catalysed by Taq DNA polymerase in a PCR reaction?
(a) Denaturation of template DNA
(b) Annealing of primers to template DNA
(c) Extension of primer end on the template DNA
(d) All of the above
► (c) Extension of primer end on the template DNA
17. The polymerase chain reaction is a technique that
(a) is used for in vivo replication of DNA
(b) is used for in vitro replication of specific DNA sequence using thermostable DNA polymerase
(c) is used for in vivo synthesis of mRNA
(d) is used for in vitro synthesis of mRNA
► (b) is used for in vitro replication of specific DNA sequence using thermostable DNA polymerase
18. Restriction enzymes belongs to a larger class of enzymes called?
(a) Nucleases
(b) Glcucatase
(c) Chitinase
(d) Protease
► (a) Nucleases
19. Gel electrophoresis is used for
(a) Construction of recombinant DNA by joining with cloning vectors
(b) Isolation of DNA molecules
(c) Separation of DNA fragments according to their size
(d) Cutting of DNA into fragments
► (c) Separation of DNA fragments according to their size
20. Origin of replication is the specific DNA sequence on chromosome that which is responsible for
(a) Initiating replication
(b) Synthesis of polymerase enzyme
(c) Terminating replication
(d) All of the the above
► (a) Initiating replication
21. Select the correct statement from the following?
(a) Biogas is produced by the activity of aerobic bacteria on animal waste
(b) Methanobacterium is an aerobic bacterium found in rumen of cattle
(c) Biogas, commonly called gobar gas, is pure methane
(d) Activated sludge-sediment in settlement tanks of sewage treatment plant is a rich source of aerobic bacteria
► (d) Activated sludge-sediment in settlement tanks of sewage treatment plant is a rich source of aerobic bacteria
22. Insertional inactivation helps in
(a) X-gal breakdown
(b) Identification of recombinant clones
(c) Ampicillin resistance
(d) Functioning of B-galactosidase
► (b) Identification of recombinant clones
23. The agarose gel with high % of agar will lead to accumulation of large sized DNA fragment near the wells as:
(a) Absence of pores
(b) Pore size is small
(c) Voltage fluctuation with high % of agar
(d) Pore size is big
► (b) Pore size is small
24. Humulin is a
(a) Protein
(b) Hybridoma
(c) Carbohydrate
(d) Fat
► (a) Protein
25. Which one of the following techniques made it possible to genetically engineer living organisms?
(a) X-ray diffraction
(b) Recombinant DNA technique
(c) Heavier isotope labelling
(d) Hybridization
► (b) Recombinant DNA technique
26. For transformation, micro-particles coated with DNA to be bombarded with gene gun are made up of:
(a) Silver or Platinum
(b) Platinum or Zinc
(c) Silicon or Platinum
(d) Gold or Tungsten
► (d) Gold or Tungsten
27. The group of letters that form same words when read both forward and backward are called?
(a) Palindrome
(b) Puzzle
(c) Endonucleases
(d) Sticky ends
► (a) Palindrome
28. Eco RI acting on goi and vector will produce?
(a) Blunt and sticky ends respectively
(b) Sticky and blunt ends respectively
(c) Sticky ends in both
(d) Blunt ends in both
► (c) Sticky ends in both
29. Primers are______.
(a) Nucleases
(b) Fragments of RNA
(c) Palindromic sequences
(d) Chemically synthesized oligonucleotides
► (d) Chemically synthesized oligonucleotides
30. Two microbes found to be very useful in genetic engineering are
(a) Escherichia coli and Agrobacterium tumefaciens
(b) Vibrio cholerae and a tailed bacteriophage
(c) Diplococcus sp. and Pseudomonas sp.
(d) Crown gall bacterium and Caenorhabditis elegans
► (a) Escherichia coli and Agrobacterium tumefaciens
31. The colonies of recombinant bacteria appear white in contrast to blue colonies of non recombinant bacteria because of :
(a) Non-recombinant bacteria containing β-galactosidease
(b) Insertional inactivation of α-galactosidase in recombinant bacteria
(c) Inactivation of glycosidase enzyme in recombinant bacteria
(d) None of the above
► (b) Insertional inactivation of α-galactosidase in recombinant bacteria
32. Enzymes used to join foreign DNA to plasmid is______.
(a) Nucleases
(b) Ligases
(c) Endonucleases
(d) Pectinases
► (b) Ligases
33. Proteins can be digested by
(a) Protease
(b) Pectinase
(c) Chitinase
(d) Nuclease
► (a) Protease
34. The nuclease will act on______.
(a) DNA only
(b) Proteins
(c) RNA only
(d) DNA and RNA
► (d) DNA and RNA