Chapter 5 Popular Struggles and Movements Class 10 Extra Questions Civics Social Studies (S.St) Important Questions Answer Included
Very Short Answer Questions (VSAQs):
1. Who are insurgents?
Answer
Insurgents are a group of people who fight against the government or army of their own country.
2. What was the aim of the movement that took place in Nepal in April 2006?
Answer
The main aim of this movement was to restore om King Gyanendra who used oppressive methods to curb political parties.
3. Who were involved in the protest in Bolivia?
Answer
An organisation called FEDECOR consisted of many pressure groups which included local professionals, engineers, environmentalists, farmers, factory workers' unions, middle class, students, etc.
4. Why was a movement started by SPA in Nepal?
Answer
SPA started a movement in Nepal to restore the Parliament of Nepal and the power be given to an all party government.
5. Which pressure group seeks to promote collective good?
Answer
Public Interest Group
6. Which one of the following promotes the interest of a particular group?
Answer
Sectional interest groups
7. What was the result of Bolivia water war?
Answer
The water contract with the MNC was cancelled and water supply was restored to the municipality at old rates.
8. Which one of the following political parties came to power in Bolivia in 2006?
Answer
The Socialist Party
9. Which king of Nepal refused to accept democratic rule?
Answer
King Gyanendra
Short Answer Questions (SAQs):
1. Why and when did the movement start in Nepal?
Answer
In February 2005, when King Gyanendra dissolved the Parliament, dismissed the democratically elected government and seized power. This led to a movement in 2006, to take away the power from the king.
2. Why were people in Bolivia protesting against MNCs?
Answer
• Bolivia was pressurised by the World Bank to give up its control of municipal water.
• They sold these rights to a multinational company (MNC).
• The company increased the price of water by four times and people had to pay huge amounts. This led to a spontaneous popular protest.
3. Explain the difference between the two protests in Nepal and Bolivia.
Answer
• The movement in Nepal was to establish democracy, while the struggle in Bolivia involved claims on an elected, democratic government.
• The struggle in Bolivia was about one specific policy, while the struggle in Nepal was about the foundations of the country’s politics.
4. What conclusions do we draw from popular struggles in Nepal and Bolivia?
Answer
• Democracy evolves through popular struggles. It is possible that some significant decision may take place through consensus and may not involve any conflict at all.
• Democratic conflict is resolved through mass mobilisation.
• These conflicts and mobilisations are based on new political organisations.
5. What is the difference between a sectional interest group and public interest group?
Answer
Sectional interest groups seek to promote the interests of a particular section or group of society. Their principal concern is the betterment and well-being of their members, not of society in general.
Public interest groups aim to help groups other than their own members. They promote collective rather than selective good.
6. What are public interest groups? How do they look after the public interests? Explain.
Answer
Public interest groups promote collective rather than selective good. They aim to help groups other than their own members or may undertake activity that benefits them as well as others. For example, a group fighting against bonded labour fights not for itself but for those suffering under such bondage.
1. Why and when did the movement start in Nepal?
Answer
In February 2005, when King Gyanendra dissolved the Parliament, dismissed the democratically elected government and seized power. This led to a movement in 2006, to take away the power from the king.
2. Why were people in Bolivia protesting against MNCs?
Answer
• Bolivia was pressurised by the World Bank to give up its control of municipal water.
• They sold these rights to a multinational company (MNC).
• The company increased the price of water by four times and people had to pay huge amounts. This led to a spontaneous popular protest.
3. Explain the difference between the two protests in Nepal and Bolivia.
Answer
• The movement in Nepal was to establish democracy, while the struggle in Bolivia involved claims on an elected, democratic government.
• The struggle in Bolivia was about one specific policy, while the struggle in Nepal was about the foundations of the country’s politics.
4. What conclusions do we draw from popular struggles in Nepal and Bolivia?
Answer
• Democracy evolves through popular struggles. It is possible that some significant decision may take place through consensus and may not involve any conflict at all.
• Democratic conflict is resolved through mass mobilisation.
• These conflicts and mobilisations are based on new political organisations.
5. What is the difference between a sectional interest group and public interest group?
Answer
Sectional interest groups seek to promote the interests of a particular section or group of society. Their principal concern is the betterment and well-being of their members, not of society in general.
Public interest groups aim to help groups other than their own members. They promote collective rather than selective good.
6. What are public interest groups? How do they look after the public interests? Explain.
Answer
Public interest groups promote collective rather than selective good. They aim to help groups other than their own members or may undertake activity that benefits them as well as others. For example, a group fighting against bonded labour fights not for itself but for those suffering under such bondage.
Long Answer Questions (LAQs):
1. Describe Bolivia’s water war.
Answer
• The government of Bolivia sold the right of municipal water supply of the city of Cochabamba to a multinational company.
• The company immediately raised the price of water by four times which led to a popular protest and in January 2000, an alliance of labour, human rights and community leaders organised a successful four-day general strike in the city.
• The government agreed to negotiate and the strike was called off. Yet nothing happened. Instead of resolving the issue, the police resorted to brutal repression and the government imposed martial law.
• But the power of the people forced the officials of the MNC to flee the city and made the government concede to all the demands of the protestors.
• The contract with the MNC was cancelled and water supply was restored to the municipality at old rates. This came to be known as Bolivia’s water war.
Popular Struggles and Movements Class 10 Notes
MCQ Test of Chapter 5 Popular Struggles and Movements
MCQ Test of Chapter 5 Popular Struggles and Movements